Suchergebnisse

• eBook-Kapitel aus dem Buch Accounting Fraud

  A Practice Aid for Company Executives: The Ethics Barometer

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …290 Appendix: Practice Aids Appendix I A Practice Aid for Company Executives: The Ethics Barometer It is essential that the board and… …. However, it is advisable to tailor the content of the barometer to the situation in which the organization finds itself. For achieving customization… …honest and reliable: he does as he says and fulfils his responsibilities. A.11 In my immediate working environment, it is sufficiently clear how… …. A.12 It is easy for me to comply with the company’s standards of conduct because there is a strong level of commitment from top management and… …standards of conduct is provided to me when I need it and is clear and easy for me to understand. C.4 The training is effective in guiding my decisions… …first-hand knowledge about misconduct, I would feel comfortable reporting it to my colleagues or my supervisors. C.8 If I observed or had first-hand… …knowledge about misconduct, I would feel comfortable reporting it to the ethics hotline/the compliance department. C.9 As a result of the incident… …fraud awareness sessions is adequate. C.18 The company has established its compliance policy by means of a long- term integrated plan. It regularly… …standards of con- duct, I think it would be because they are trying to help the organization achieve its goals and meet its business targets. D.5 If a… …manager or a colleague does something which is not permitted, some- one in the organization will find out about it. E. Personal Data (optional)…

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• eJournal-Artikel aus "PinG Privacy in Germany" Ausgabe 6/2020

  Data protection in times of Covid-19

  Comparative perspectives from Europe and beyond
  

  Yseult Marique, Olivia Tambou

  …: is the ­Covid-19 pandemic conducive to developing shared legal strategies or does it reinforce cultural legal features when it comes to data… …flesh it out legally. 1 Our scientific progress and its public funding are legitimized by enhancing it. The Covid-19 pandemic puts this model to the test… …developing shared legal strategies or does it reinforce cultural legal features when it comes to data protection? By the end of July 2020 Blogdroiteuropeen had… …factual and legal backgrounds. Secondly, constitutional techniques proved resilient to a large extent in general and in particular when it comes to data… …trend: the ever more articulated pressure on the European Union to decide how far it needs, wishes and is able to define its identity alongside its… …needed to run them. As legal systems may have to cope with the long-term consequences of Covid-19 all over the world, it may be useful to take stock of… …consequences are slowly starting to be better understood. In the early days of the pandemic it rapidly became apparent that elderly people were more vulnerable… …it or in terms of the symptoms developed. This explains the attention focused on obe- 4 Chris Ansell, Arjen Boin and Paul ‘t Hart, ‘Political… …data subjects. Secondly, even when data protection legislation is concerned with state/executive interference, it is a technical sub-set of wider… …resilience of data protection in these times of health emergency can be approached at the level of principles and in the concrete challenges it has met. 1…

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• eBook-Kapitel aus dem Buch Compliance kompakt

  IT-Compliance

  Michael Rath, Rainer Sponholz

  …„allgemei- nen“ Compliance. Zum einen unterliegt die Informationstechnologie (IT) einer sehr dynamischen Entwicklung, die für die neu geschaffenen technischen… …systematisch aufzu- zählen. Zwecks Erstellung einer Datenbank mit international gültigen, regulatori- schen Anforderungen an die IT, einer so genannten… …Systemen zu tun hat, beziehen sich die insoweit bestehenden regulatorischen Anforderungen der IT- Compliance auf die Vermeidung von unerwünschten Schäden… …der Ein- haltung der Anforderungen, also der IT-Compliance, muss durch die IT- Systeme und -prozesse sichergestellt werden. Dies kann durch Protokolle… …das Risikoma- nagement für Kredit- und Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute (kurz MaRisk) durch die sog. „Bankaufsichtlichen Anforderungen an die IT“ (BAIT)… …konsistente IT-Strategie festzulegen. Mindestinhalte der IT- Strategie sind: • Strategische Entwicklung der IT-Aufbau- und IT-Ablauforganisation sowie der… …Auslagerungen von IT-Dienstleistungen • Zuordnung der gängigen Industriestandards, an denen sich das Unter- nehmen orientiert, auf die Bereiche der IT •… …unter Berücksichtigung der IT- Belange • Aussagen zu den in den Fachbereichen selbst betriebenen bzw. ent- wickelten IT-Systemen (Hardware- und… …Software-Komponenten). Auf Basis dieser Mindestinhalte für die IT-Strategie soll die Geschäftsleitung im Rahmen der IT-Governance Regelungen zur IT-Aufbau- und IT… …geändert oder ab- sichtlich manipuliert wurde. Über wesentliche IT-Projekte und wesentliche IT- Projektrisiken ist zudem regelmäßig und anlassbezogen der…

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• eBook-Kapitel aus dem Buch Accounting Fraud

  Case 20: AOL Time Warner (2002)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …entertainment giant headquartered in New York. The implied market value of the merged company was approximately USD 200 billion, making it the then-largest… …started to flatten. It was during this period that AOL engaged in accounting fraud to mask the fact that it was also beginning to experience a rapid… …for goods and services it purchased in exchange for the vendors’ purchases of online advertising in the same amount as the mark-up – “Business… …and services. In the third quarter of 2000, AOL paid PurchasePro USD 2 million for software licenses it neither needed nor intended to use. In… …parties it referred to PurchasePro entered into commercial arrangements with this company. AOL essentially paid third parties to Accounting Fraud in… …from PurchasePro, but falsified documents in order to create the appearance that it had actually referred third-party purchases to PurchasePro. In the… …these memberships as sub- scribers, although it knew that the memberships mostly would not be activated by the employees. The so-called “attach rates” –… …several instances, AOL counted bulk subscribers although it failed to complete the transactions within the respective quarters. In last-minute efforts to… …meet the quarterly targets, AOL shipped non-conforming membership kits to the customers prior to the quarter end – with the understanding that it would… …management of AOL Europe; for example, it caused its own designated directors and steering committee members to act in accordance with AOL’s directions. How-…

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• eBook-Kapitel aus dem Buch Accounting Fraud

  Case 43: Sanyo Electric (Japan, 2007)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Electric Co. struggled with heavy financial losses as it faced a brutally competitive pricing market for many of its products. These products (including… …should have accounted for USD 1.5 billion in subsidiaries’ losses in 2004 but booked only around USD 400 million, thus falsely reporting a profit when it… …was largely in the red. In February 2007, Sanyo admitted that it had been approached by Japan’s Secu- rities and Exchange Surveillance Commission… …(SESC) about its past accounting. Sanyo announced that the SESC was investigating it for allegedly failing to account for valuation losses made on… …the losses were focused on its LCD unit (which it liquidated later on) and its chip making division. Eventually, Sanyo said it might have to… …restate its earnings for the four years between 2000 and 2004. The investigation was a blow to Sanyo at a time when it made great efforts to turn… …temporarily after being implicated in financial statement fraud at Kanebo, the cosmetics firm. It had also been the auditor for Nikko Cordial, which had to… …and her reliance upon a consultancy firm run by her husband. In December 2007, Sanyo admitted that its group figures were wrong since 2000. It… …said it miscalculated earnings from dozens of subsidiary companies to the tune of USD 3.5 billion over six years to March 2006. In March 2004, it had… …falsely reported a profit instead of a loss. Sanyo apologized to investors, saying it would strengthen its management team and internal controls, but…

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• eBook-Kapitel aus dem Buch IT-Compliance

  Einführung

  Dr. Michael Rath, Rainer Sponholz

  …Governance und die hieraus abgeleiteten Begriffe IT-Compli- ance, Data- und IT-Governance sowie GRC geschaffen. Für den Oberbegriff (IT-) Compliance2wird dabei… …, wird uns jeden Tag eindrucksvoll in den Medien präsentiert. Auch die Welt der Informationstechnologie ändert sich, für jedermann erfahrbar und mit zuneh-… …mend hohem Tempo. Die Produktlebenszyklen in der IT haben sich inzwischen von mehreren Jahren auf mitunter wenige Monate verkürzt. Noch rasanter ist der… …, Viehweg-Verlag, S. 435. larien befassen, die sich auf die IT beziehen und daher (IT-)Compliance erfor- dern. Der Begriff (IT-)Compliance hat somitmehrere… …Management muss dabei auch den auf die Informationstechnologie entfal- lenden Anteil der Compliance, die IT-Compliance, als Aufgabe der Geschäftslei- tung… …, https://www.bafin.de/DE/ DieBaFin/AufgabenGeschichte/Versicherungsaufsicht/versicherungsaufsicht_node.html. 14 IT Governance Institute: „IT Governance für Geschäftsführer… …und Vorstände“, S. 11. 15 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu: „Cracking the IT Value Code“, Deloitte Research Report, 2004, S. 2. 16 Zum Thema… …Begriffsauffassungen zur IT-Governance vgl. Fröhlich, Martin; Glasner, Kurt; Goeken, Matthias; Johannsen, Wolfgang: „Sichten der IT-Governance“ in: IT- Governance, Juli… …sich jedoch nicht auf die Regularien für den Einsatz von Informationstechnologie und deren Konformität reduzieren. IT-Governance wird im Wesentlichen vom… …Beziehungen zwischen Eigentümern undManagement eines Unternehmens. „IT Governance liegt in der Verantwortung des Vorstands und des Managements und ist ein…

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• eBook-Kapitel aus dem Buch IT-Audit

  Grundlagen

  Dr. Stefan Beißel

  …Qualität mit oder ohne Schwerpunkt auf der IT. Sie haben jedoch gemein, dass die Überprüfung unabhängig und nachvollziehbar sein soll und die Ergebnisse auf… …angemessenen Nachweisen beruhen sollen. IT-Audits beziehen sich dabei auf den Themenbereich IT oder auf einen Ausschnitt der IT. Ein IT-Audit ist eine… …unabhängige Überprüfung der Einhaltung von Vorgaben und der Funktionalität von Kontrollmaßnahmen innerhalb der IT eines Unter- nehmens. Die Unabhängigkeit… …unerwünschte Zustände, die zu Ineffizienzen, finanziel- len Schäden oder Reputationsschäden führen können, vermieden werden. Die IT eines Unternehmens umfasst… …Ordnungsmäßigkeit zu überwachen. Da der Auditierte gegenüber dem Auditor häufig die Rolle eines Lieferanten innehält, wird für das 2nd Party IT- Audit auch der… …. In der Regel wurden die Auditoren speziell für das IT- Audit geschult und besitzen relevante Erfahrungen oder können auf ein Netzwerk von erfahrenen… …virtuelle Umgebung umfasst alle Objekte der IT, welche zwar eine konkrete und nützliche Funktionalität besitzen, jedoch in der Regel keine physische Form… …beeinflussen können. Im IT-Bereich handelt es sich dabei zum einen um Immobilien, in denen die IT- Systeme betrieben werden, und zum anderen um IT-Systeme… …Betrieb von Servern vorgesehen sind, und um die Arbeitsräume des Personals. – Umwelt ist ein Oberbegriff für alle Umweltfaktoren, die von außen auf IT… …Überblick Beim Prüfungsaspekt eines IT-Audits handelt es sich primär um die Sicherheit, Wirtschaftlichkeit oder Ordnungsmäßigkeit der IT in einem…

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• eJournal-Artikel aus "PinG Privacy in Germany" Ausgabe 2/2022

  The criminal procedure in the 21st century – The trade-off between fundamental rights and new technologies

  Atanas Kirov, Denitsa Kozhuharova, Gergana Hristova, Snezhana Krumova

  …technologies Atanas Kirov / Denitsa Kozhuharova / Gergana Dzhadzheva / Snezhana Krumova As technology rapidly develops in every sphere of our daily lives, it is… …security. It offers critical interpretation in terms of the existing trade-offs casting a look into the future – how the balance could be maintained and what… …the European Union (CJEU) and national constitutions. As a result, it is regarded as a powerful legislative instrument that aims to ensure the… …instability of this nexus, technology has become an inseparable part of the human life and the risks that it carries with itself for the fundamental rights have… …been outweighed by the ­benefits that it provides to all spheres. This paper casts a look at three distinct fundamental rights – the right to privacy… …be made of the information it contains. II. The balance between the right to privacy and the security provided by new technologies. The right to… …degree it could be affected by the inclusion of the new technology in their life. Technology that could affect the privacy of individuals is neutral and it… …for the legal measures that prevent infringements of Article 8 ECHR and the privacy of individuals at national level. When it comes to the mere… …development of technologies preventing crime, it should be considered that it is equally as important to embed safeguards and benefit from the least intrusive… …by a private entity for law enforcement purposes if it is entrusted by virtue of national law. 12 There is a certain level of responsibility inherent…

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• eJournal-Artikel aus "PinG Privacy in Germany" Ausgabe 2/2017

  The evolution of EU data protection law on automated data profiling

  Martin Zahariev

  …drawing the attention of both scholars and practitioners for the past two decades. The admissibility of profiling in general and the limits to which it… …which it should be allowed pose serious legal and ethical questions before the modern information society and the rule of law. Some scholars argue that… …profiling may affect the right to privacy. 1 Others see a threat to freedom. 2 Further academic sources substantiate that it might lead to discrimination, 3… …first introduced as a concept in the EU regulatory acts on data protection, i. e. it is a concept of the data protection law; b. Profiling by its nature… …referred to profiling. Article 16, Paragraph 1 of TFEU proclaims that everyone has the right to protection of personal data. 12 It employs ­almost the same… …fundamental rights’ brought in with the Charter such as the guarantees on bioethics and transparent administration. It is worth noting that none of the sources… …solemnly proclaimed at the Nice European ­Council on 7 December 2000. At that time, however, it did not have any binding legal effect. The Charter obtained… …collected concerning him or her, and the right to have it rectified. 3. Compliance with these rules shall be subject to control by an independent authority.’… …Directive 95/46 has been built on. Understanding of the rationale ­underpinning Directive 95/46 is essential since it is the very first EU legislative act in… …has been changed, it is necessary to first define the term ‘profiling’. III. The notion of profiling The term ‘profiling’ is nowhere present in…

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• eJournal-Artikel aus "PinG Privacy in Germany" Ausgabe 1/2017

  ePrivacy Directive Review:

  A difficult debate ahead for eCommerce
  

  Razvan Antemir

  …it referred to electronic marketing in a positive light, recognising its importance and benefits. However, it also brought a number of challenges… …, including the lack of precision in the text and the lack of clarity about who should enforce it, resulting very often from the lack of cooperation between… …it is unlikely that this will be the case. In addition, the results of the EU Commission consultation and ensuing statements by EU Commission officials… …Directive. It claims that sectorial regulations such as the ePrivacy Directive could be used to go beyond the General Data Protection Regulation for some… …under the General Data Protection Regulation. In some cases it could even be considered sensitive data, falling under a much stricter set of rules for the… …the revised ePrivacy Directive. It is very likely that these will be framed within a special consent regime. Consent: The EU Commission understandably… …obligations for the data controller to produce evidence of the consent. Cookies: As it is now quite unlikely that the EU Commission will accept to reduce the…

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